Captopril



 
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Captopril - Basic Information

 

Indication of Captopril:

Captopril is used in the treatment of;Hypertension: Captopril is effective as a singleragent or in combination with other antihypertensive agents such as thiazide-type diuretics. Myocardial Infarction: Captopril improves survival rates following myocardial infarction and reduces the incidence of heart failure in these patients. Heart failure.Diabetic nephropathy: in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Action of Captopril:

Captopril is an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme (ACE) Inhibitor. Like other drugs of this class, captopril works by interfering with a chemical cascade that leads to decreased production of Angiotensin II and Aldosterone which are important in constricting the bodies blood vessels, and conserving salt and water, both of which increase blood pressure. Therefore the effect of captopril is to reduce blood pressure and the amount of work that has to be done by the heart.

Dose Advice of Captopril:

Hypertension: The initial dose is 6.25-125mg and the usual maintenance dose is 25-50mg daily; If the blood pressure is not adequately lowered a thiazide diuretic should be added Myocardial Infarction: Initially 6.25mg should be given daily from the third day after the myocardial infarction. This dose should be gradually increased over several weeks to 50mg three times daily.Heart failure: Initial dose should be 25-6.25mg daily and the usual maintenance dose is 25-75mg twice daily.Diabetic nephropathy: 75-100mg is given daily, in 2 divided doses.

Schedule of Captopril:

S4

Common side effects of Captopril:

Hypotension (low blood pressure) occursRash occurs in some patients and are more likely to occur in patients with renal impairment. The rash generally occurs during the first four weeks of treatment, and will resolve even with continued use of CaptoprilCough: The cough produced by Captopril and other ACE-inhibitors is typically persistent, non-productive, dry and worse at night. It resolves after discontinuation of therapy.Taste disturbances such as decreased taste sensitivity, or metallic tastes can occur during the first few weeks of treatment but usually disappear within 1-3 months.

Uncommon side effects of Captopril:

Tachycardia, chest pain and palpitationsGastric irritation Abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, weight loss and constipationStomatitis and tongue ulcerationProteinuria Polyuria, oliguria and increased urinary frequency Reversible lymphadenopathyFlushing Pallor Dermatological side effects such as bullous pemphigus, erythema multiforme (including Stevens-Johnson syndrome) and exfoliative dermatitis, photosensitivity.Paraesthesia of the handsMyalgiaFatigue DizzinessDry mouthDyspnoeaBronchospasmDisturbed visionItching and/or dry eyesImpotence and loss of libidoinsomniaAsthenia GynecomastiaRaynauds phenomenonPhotosensitivity

Diseases treated by Captopril:

Acute Nephritic Syndrome (Glomerulonephritis - acute; Acute glomerulonephritis; Nephritis syndrome - acute) Chronic Heart Failure Congestive Heart Failure Glomerulonephritis (GN) Heart Failure Hypertension (High blood pressure) Kidney Cancer (Renal Manifestations of Malignant Disease) Mitral Regurgitation (MR) Mitral Stenosis (MS) Myocarditis Nephrotic Syndrome (NS) Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) Radiation Nephritis Tricuspid Valvular Disease

Treatments associated with Captopril:

Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE inhibitors, ACEi) (Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACEi))


GN: Captopril

Con: type 1 diabetes mellitus

Cla: Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors (ACE...