Indication of Isoniazid:
Isoniazid is used in the treatment of tuberculosis in the lungs and elsewhere in the body in combination with other anti-tuberculosis drugs.
Action of Isoniazid:
Isoniazid is an antibacterial agent active only against Mycobacteria, the bugs that cause tuberculosis. Its mechanism of action is unclear, but it may act by inhibiting formation of the mycobacterial cell wall. Resistance to Isoniazid alone develops quickly in individual patients, so it should always be given in combination with other anti-tuberculosis agents.
Dose Advice of Isoniazid:
Adults-usual dose is 4-5mg/kg/day in divided doses-maximum daily dose should not exceed 300mg-up to 10mg/kg/day can be given in the first 1-2 weeks of treatment of tuberculous meningitisChildren-may receive 5-10mg/kg/day in divided doses-maximum daily dose should not exceed 300mg
Schedule of Isoniazid:
S4
Common side effects of Isoniazid:
The most common side effect seen with use of Isoniazid is peripheral neuropathy, which is characterised by loss of sensation, tingling and difficulty moving in the extremities.Hepatitis is also seen, with rates increasing with age. Symptoms to look out for include: -fatigue-weakness-malaise-loss of appetite-nausea-vomitingThere are other side effects that may be seen including: -fever-skin rash
Uncommon side effects of Isoniazid:
A number of neurological side effects have been reported, including memory impairment, seizures and eye damage. Report any unusual symptoms to your doctor immediately, as most effects subside with withdrawal of treatment.
Diseases treated by Isoniazid:
Acne Genitourinary Tuberculosis (GUTB) Tuberculosis (TB)
