Vancocin



 
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Vancocin - Basic Information

 

Indication of Vancocin:

Oral.Used for the treatment of staphylococcal enterocolitis and antibiotic associated C.difficile pseudomembranous colitis Parenteral administration is not effective against the enterocolitis, and the oral preparation is not effective against other types of infection. Intravenous.Used for the treatment of potentially life-threatening infections that cannot be treated with another effective, less toxic antibiotic.Including: severe staphylococcal (including methicillin resistant strains) infections, streptococci and diphtheroid endocarditis, osteomyelitis, pneumonia, septicaemia, soft tissue infections.For Enterococci endocarditis (e.g. S.faecalis) vancomycin is only effective in combination with an aminoglycoside.

Action of Vancocin:

Microbiology.Vancomycin kills some of the bacteria commonly responsible for serious infections.Pharacokinetics.Vancomycin is poorly absorbed after oral administration. It is given intravenously for the treatment of systemic infections.Peak plasma levels are achieved immediately after completion of infusion, and the mean elimination half-life is 4-6 hours in patients with normal renal function. In subjects with renal impairment, serum levels will be higher, and toxicity may occur.Vancomycin is excreted unchanged in the urine. It is not effectively removed by haemo- or peritoneal dialysis.

Dose Advice of Vancocin:

Oral.Adults: 250 mg orally, every 6 hours, for 5-10 days.Doses of 500g to 2 g, in 3-4 divided doses, for 7-10 days have been used to treat pseudomembranous colitis produced by C.difficile.Children: 20 mg/kg orally, in four divided doses. Doses of up to 40 mg/kg/day may be used, though the total daily dose should not exceed 2 g.Intravenous.Adults: 500 mg (infused over at least 60 minutes), every 6 hours, OR 1 g (infused over at least 2 hours) every 12 hours.Patients with impaired renal function, Elderly patients.Dosage adjustments should be made. Vancomycin serum assays can be used to guide therapy.Loading dose: an initial dose of > 15 mg/kg should be given, even in patients with mild to moderate renal insufficiency.Anephric patients: Initial dose of 15 mg/kg to achieve therapeutic serum levels, with maintenance doses of 19 mg/kg/24 hours.Anuric patients: 1 g, every 7-10 days.Children: Loading dose 15 mg/kg, followed by 10 mg/kg, every 6 hours.Infants and neonates: Loading dose 15 mg/kg, followed by 10 mg/kg every 12 hours in the first week of life, and every 8 hours until one month of age. Close monitoring of serum vancomycin levels is required Used in pregnant and breastfeeding women.Vancomycin be used in pregnant women only if clearly needed (it is not known whether vancomycin causes fetal harm) and should not be used in breastfeeding women.

Schedule of Vancocin:

S4

Common side effects of Vancocin:

Indigestion, stomach ache, nausea, chills, diarrhoea, vomiting (oral form)New bacterial or fungal infections due to overgrowth of non-susceptible organisms

Uncommon side effects of Vancocin:

Increased serum creatinine, urea or nitrogen levelsVertigo, dizziness, tinnitus.Wheezing, rash, itch, fever, flushing, pain and muscle spasm.

Diseases treated by Vancocin:

Pseudomembranous Colitis (Antibiotic Associated Diarrhoea)


GN: Vancomycin hydrochloride

Con: Pseudomembranous Colitis (Antibiotic Associated...